新概念第二冊自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀 Lessons15
來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 文章作者:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 2009-07-11 17:16:30

課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1.The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me. 秘書告訴我說哈姆斯沃斯先生要見我。
would 在這里不是表示單純的過去將來時,而是表示“想……”、“要……”的意思:
What would you like to have?
你想要吃(喝)什么?
John wouldn't lend me his bicycle.
約翰不愿意把他的自行車借給我。
2.He did not look up from his desk when I entered. 我進(jìn)去的時候,他連頭也沒抬。
在這句話的look up中,look是它的本義“看”、“瞧”。look up一般表示原先在埋頭干什么之后抬頭看:
He looked up(from his book)when he heard a noise.
他聽到聲音后就抬起了頭。(原先在讀書)
3.I knew that my turn had come. 我知道這次該輪到我了。
turn在這里是名詞,意為“輪流”、“輪班”、“(依次輪流時各自的)一次機會”:
I have already asked two questions. Now it's your turn.
我已經(jīng)問了兩個問題。該輪到你了。
When his turn came, he couldn't speak any word.
輪到他時,他卻一個字也說不出來。
4.‘Mr. Harmsworth,’I said in a weak voice.“哈姆斯沃斯先生,”我無力地說。
weak在這里不是指身體虛弱,而是指聲音“微弱”、“無力”,因為怕被開除而感到緊張。
5.Then he smiled and told me I would receive an extra thousand pounds a year!
然后他微笑了一下告訴我說,我每年將得到
1,000英鎊的額外收入。
(1)extra 表示“額外的”、“外加的”、“份外的”:
On Sundays, I usually get some extra sleep.
星期天我通常要多睡一會兒。
Last month, he was paid an extra hundred pounds.
他上個月多得了100英鎊。
(2)a在這里可譯為“每一”:
I went to London once a month.
我每月去一次倫敦。
Jack telephoned Pauline four times a day.
杰克天天給波琳打4次電話。
語法 Grammar in use
間接引語(Indirect speech)
把某人所說的話告訴另外一個人時,應(yīng)該使用間接引語(有的語法書稱之為“轉(zhuǎn)述引語”)。引述動詞(如say,tell)可能是現(xiàn)在時,也可能是過去時(最常用)。間接陳述句的時態(tài)往往受引述動詞的影響。引述陳述句時最常用的動詞是say和tell。它們之間的區(qū)別是tell后面必須跟表示人稱的間接賓語(tell sb….),而say后面則可跟或不跟to +講話對象。假如需要提到聽話者,tell +間接賓語通常比say + to +sb. 更常用。在say和tell后面一般不可加逗號。假如間接引語中的引述動詞是現(xiàn)在時,那么其后的時態(tài)通常與原來口頭陳述句的時態(tài)相同。轉(zhuǎn)述剛剛說完的話時通常如此;引述動詞假如是過去時,那么間接引語中的時態(tài)通常要“往回移”(即“倒移”)。一條普遍的規(guī)則是“現(xiàn)在時變?yōu)檫^去時,過去時變?yōu)檫^去完成時”。直接引語:
‘I can see him now!’
“我現(xiàn)在可以見他!”
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.nervous adj.
(1)神經(jīng)質(zhì)的,神經(jīng)緊張的:
She is a nervous woman. Do you see that nervous smile on her face?
她是個神經(jīng)質(zhì)的女人。你看見她臉上那種神經(jīng)質(zhì)的微笑了嗎?
(2)緊張的,擔(dān)心的,情緒不安的:
I feel very nervous before exams.
我在考試前感到非常緊張。
He had never spoken in public, so he was very nervous.
他從未當(dāng)眾講過話,因此他非常緊張。
(3)與nervous輕易混淆的另一個詞是 irritable(易怒的,急躁的):
Our teacher is an irritable old lady. She gets angry easily.
我們的老師是位脾氣急躁的老太太。她很輕易生氣。
2.a(chǎn)fford vt.
(1)買得起(常與can連用):
We can/can't afford a car this year.
我們今年買得起/買不起小汽車。
(2)擔(dān)負(fù)得起(損失、后果等),花得起(時間)(常與can連用):
I can't afford to be ill again.
我不能再病了。
I can only afford one week for the trip.
我只能為這次旅行抽出一周的時間。
(3)提供,給予:
Joe afforded us a room for the night.
那天晚上喬為我們提供了一個房間過夜。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
1.要害句型練習(xí)答案
A 1a The secretary told me that Mr. Harmsworth would see me.
b‘Mr. Harmsworth will see you. ’
2 a Mr. Harmsworth said that business was very bad.
b ‘Business is very bad.’
3 a Mr. Harmsworth told me that the firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.
b ‘The firm cannot afford to pay such large salaries. ’
B 1 told… would come/would be coming
2 said…(had) cut
3 told… had never played
4 did he say…had done/would do
5 did he tell…(had) bought/would buy
6 said…could not
7 said…(had) worked
8 told…wrote/writes/had never written
9 did you say…were/had been
10 said…would wait
2.難點練習(xí)答案
1 study 2 office 3 nervous 4 afford 5 irritable
3.多項選擇題答案
1d 2b 3c 4b 5c 6d
7a 8d 9c 10c 11c 12b
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